This work focused on studying the taxonomy of the two families, Dryopidae and Elmidae, with the aim of enhancing knowledge regarding their taxonomy in Egypt. Moreover, the study is primarily based on a comprehensive review of previous literature and the examination of specimens preserved in the main Egyptian Insect Reference Collections. Results showed that the Egyptian fauna of Dryopidae comprises two genera and five species, among which two species are considered doubtful. Additionally, a newly recorded species, Dryops similaris, is added to the Egyptian fauna. However, Elmidae constitutes two genera and two species. To assess keys to families, genera and species were constructed, providing data on species diagnosis, specimens examined, and distribution. The status of the doubtful species was also discussed.