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International Journal of Decision Support System Technology
Springer Nature
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Abstract: |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) may be defined as a group of progressive lung
diseases recognized by emphysema, chronic bronchitis and airflow fettering (Singh et al., 2019).
It was estimated that around 30 million people in the US have COPD, with about half of them are
unaware of having it. Undiscovered and untreated COPD may lead to faster progression of disease,
heart problems, and worsening respiratory infections. Universally, COPD has been considered as a
leading cause of higher rates of death. It was reported that 3.17 million deaths were caused by the
CODP in 2015 (i.e., 5% of all deaths in that year), (Rodriguez-Roisin et al., 2017). The total costs of
lung diseases in the EU (European Union) has been estimated to be about 6% of the total healthcare
costs, and COPD was reported as taken the largest percentage (56%) of these costs (Singh et al., 2019).
Thus, early diagnosis, controlling and prediction of COPD is of utmost importance for reducing its
associated mortality rates and improve its financial consequences. Estimating the disease current stage
and predicting the disease progression is one of the most crucial tasks done by clinicians during the
patients’ treatment journey. With accurate and timely prediction of disease stages, proper interventions
and treatment plans may then be applied to prevent disease degradation. Clinicians use the GOLD
staging or grading system to decide the severity stage of patients. The grade will affect the treatment
a patients receive. The GOLD system checks many things, for example, symptoms, how many times
COPD has gotten worse, any times patient had to stay in the hospital because of COPD degradation,
results from spirometry (i.e. a test that checks the amount of air and speed that patients can exhale
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