MRI as a road map for surgical Intervention of acute invasive fungal sinusitis in Covid-19 era التصويربالرنين المغناطيسي كخريطة طريق للتدخل الجراحي لإلتهابات الجيوب الأنفية الفطرية الغازية الحادة

Faculty Medicine Year: 2022
Type of Publication: ZU Hosted Pages:
Authors:
Journal: Clinical Otolaryngology Clinical Otolaryngology Volume:
Keywords : , , , road , , surgical Intervention , acute invasive fungal    
Abstract:
Acute invasive fungal sinusitis (AIFS) is a rare disease affecting immunocompromised patients with high mortality rate (50%–80%).1 AIFS is usually due to Aspergillus or Zygomycetes species. These fungal spores are inhaled and germinated within the nose and paranasal sinuses; then fungal hyphae invade submucosal blood vessels leading to vasculitis and tissue necrosis. Either direct or vascular extension may occur leading to advanced condition (rhino-orbito-cerebral mucor mycosis).2 In Covid-19 era, incidence of AIFS has increased without explanation, may be due to immunosuppressed state, high ferritin level associated with SARS-CoV-2, and prolonged hospitalisation with excessive steroid and oxygen therapy utilisation; in addition to standard risk factors for AIFS.3 Any refractory sinus manifestation with orbital complications (visual defect, proptosis and ophthalmoplegia) should be investigated for possibility of AFIS especially in high risk patients by nasal endoscopy, radiology and biopsy.4 Early diagnosis and management are the key consideration to minimise mortality rate. Mortality rate discrepancy in between studies may be due to different variables as reversibility of immunocompromised state, virulence of fungi, stage of invasive fungal infection, compliance with antifungal medications and surgical debridement (when to interfere, debridement efficacy).4,5 In this study, MRI findings in AIFS patients, recently recovered from Covid-19, were assessed and correlated with intraoperative findings to evaluate predictability of MRI for severely fungal affected tissues beyond scope of ordinary endoscopic sinu7s surgery.
   
     
 
       

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