Background: Cypermethrin (CP) is a synthetic pyrethroid with potent insecticidal effect. The formation of reactive oxygen intermediates and induction of lipid peroxidation were suggested as a mechanism of CP-induced multisystemic damage in living organisms. Design: The authors investigated if α-tocopherol (vitamin E), a well known antioxidant, can protect against the toxic effects of CP in albino rats. 24 rats were randomized into 4 groups; group( I) control (corn oil), group (II) vitamin E (100mg/kg), group (III) CP (1/10 LD50) and vitamin E (100mg/kg) (CPE) and group (IV) CP (1/10 LD50). After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were estimated together with histopathological examination of liver, kidney and lung. Results: MDA and SOD activities were significantly reduced in CPE group in comparison with CP group. Only CP group showed significant increase in serum AST activity compared to control group. CP treated rats, showed different histological changes in the liver which ranged from dilatation and congestion of central veins up to focal disruption of sinusoids and hepatocytic necrosis. The kidney showed mild to moderate histological alteration ranging from congestion up to hydropic degeneration of epithelial lining of proximal tubules. The lung showed wide and ruptured alveolar spaces with interalveolar septal thickening. In CPE group the liver, kidney and lung showed mild histological changes and were nearly similar to control group. Conclusion: The authors suggest that vitamin E could protect against the peroxidative and toxic damage of CP in albino rats.